杆状病毒的寄生范围决定因子

Host Range Determinant of Insect Baculovirus

综述了近十年来杆状病毒寄生范围决定因子（ｈｏｓｔｒａｎｇｅｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎａｎｔ）研究进展．杆状病毒能进入蜚非受纳（ｎｏｎｐｅｒｍｉｓｓｉｖｅ）昆虫离体培养细胞、昆虫虫体和哺乳动物离体培养细胞中，侵入细胞不是杆状病毒寄主特异性的限制步骤．杆状病毒的早期启动子（ｅａｒｌｙｐｒｏｍｏｔｅｒ，ＥＰ）能在较广泛的昆虫寄主范围内激活基因表达，晚期（ｌａｔｅｐｒｏｍｏｔｅｒ，ＬＰ）或最晚期启动子（ｖｅｒｙｌａｔｅｐｒｏｍｏｔｅｒ，ＶＬＰ）仅在受纳昆虫细胞中激活基因表达，晚期或最晚期基因表达与寄主范围特异性密切相关．在已经鉴定出的晚期和最晚期基因表达所必需的１８种基因中。

The present paper reports proceeding on host range determinant of insect baculovirus over the past ten years. It has been found that viral entry into host cell is not the major limiting factor for baculovirus host range because baculovirus is able to enter a wide variety of animal hosts such as nonpermissive insect cell lines, insects and mammalian cell lines. Although early promoters of baculovirus are active in a wide variety of insect hosts, late and very late promoter are active only in permissive insect cells. Gene expression from late or very late promoters may be critical to baculovirus host range. In the 18 viral genes which are necessary and sufficient to support late and very late gene expression, helicase gene (p143) and apoptosis suppressing gene (p35) have been implicated as host range determining genes.