土壤动力特性与节能耕作及机具设计

SOIL DYNAMIC PROPERTIES AND SAVING TILLAGE ENERGY AND IMPLEMENTS DESIGN

通过综合国内外学者的有关研究资料，比较土壤抗剪强度（或坚实度）及犁耕比阻随含水量的变化规律，表明土壤动力特性与耕作能耗的密切关系。根据耕作后土壤容重的变化规律以及土壤紧实度的自然调节功能，阐明北方旱田实行少免耕对节能的可能性和重要意义。作者从砂壤土正常三轴试验中土壤偏应力与球应力的关系出发，说明了土体边界约束条件对耕作阻抗的重要作用，并列举一系列减少能耗和提高作业效果的举措。

The similar varying laws of soil shear strength (or soil penetration) and soil specific draught with soil moisture content show the more closely related to the soil dynamic parameters and tillage power consumption.Tillage,particularly,combination tillage operation at a soil moisture content of 35￣60 percent of field capacity can lower obviously the consumption of tillage power and improve the quality and raise tillage effectiveness.According to the varying law of soil bulk density after tillage and the natural regulative capacity of soil density,adopting a few tillage or on plow methods in northern nonirrigated farm land are possible and important.The relationship between deviatoric stress and spherical pressure of sandy loam( q=3p ) Show that the boundary condition have an important effect on tillage draft.This paper gives a series mechanism of saving power consumption.