白罗曼母鹅排卵与鹅蛋之形成

OVULATION AND EGG FORMATION IN THE WHITE ROMAN GEESE

滤泡于排卵前，必须迅速生长，堆积大量卵黄，形成未来整个鹅蛋的蛋黄部分，经应用白罗曼生蛋母鹅１３只，收集５２个可供分析的蛋黄，经分析后所获得的数据，滤泡在排卵前（亦即形成蛋黄），需９～１４ｄ的迅速生长，平均为１１．１２±１．１５ｄ；其中８４．９％约需１０～１２ｄ的迅速生长。母鹅在输卵管中形成鹅蛋的非蛋黄部分，经应用７６只生蛋母鹅，试验结果，自卵排出后进入喇叭管时起到形成一完整蛋生下为止，全部时间，约需４２ｈ９ｍｉｎ。其中停留在喇叭管时间，约为５～１５ｍｉｎ，平均为１０ｍｉｎ，在蛋白分泌部时间为３．５～４ｈ，平均为３ｈ４５ｍｉｎ；在峡部时间亦为３．５～４ｈ，平均为３ｈ４５ｍｉｎ；存在子宫时间为３５～３６ｈ，平均约为３５ｈ３０ｍｉｎ。阴道被认为生蛋时蛋之通路，与蛋形成无关，且蛋在该部分停留时间极短。母鹅生蛋亦如鸡、鸭、及火鸡有连产（ｃｌｕｔｃｈ）。连产持续之长短，自每组１个至１０个蛋不一；本研究中发现最长之连产由１０个蛋组成。连产中仅由１个蛋组成者最多，２个蛋者次之，３个蛋者又次之，依次类推；总之，含蛋数愈多则连产数愈少。前后相邻二蛋间之生蛋间隔，平均为４５：４２±５：１８（ｈ：ｍｉｎ）。在自然情况下，母鹅的排卵?

Fifty-two ovarian follicles(or egg yolk)collected from 13 laying White Romangeese were used in this experiment for the determination of the follicular growth(deposit of egg yolk)before ovulation. A period of nine to fourteen days,an averageof 11.12±1. 15 days,was found to be necessary for the rapid growth of the folliclesbefore ovulation. Of these follicles, 84.9%needed about ten to twelve days for therapid growth.Seventy-six laying White Roman geese were used for the determination of the timerequired for the formation of the none-egg-yolk yart of the egg(or a complete egg)in the oviduct.The oviduct spent about 42 hours and 9 minutes to form an completeegg after the ovum entered the ovidnct.During the formation of an egg,the time inthe infundibulum was 5～15 minutes(an average of 10 minutes),in the magnum was3.5～4 hours(an average of 3 hours and 45 minutes),in the isthmus was 3.5～4hours (an average of 3 hours and 45 minutes), in the uterus was 35～36 hours(anaverage of 35 hours and 30 minutes),and in the vagina,the time was probablynominal.The White Roman geese laid their eggs in clutches as did the chickens,ducks,and turkeys. The number of eggs laid in a clutch by the White Roman geese rangedfrom 1 to 10. Most of the geese laid only one egg in a clutch. The lag time or theinterval between two neighboring oviposition in these geese with clutches of two eggs ormore was 45 hours 42 minutes(±5 hours 18 minutes)on average-Under natural conditions,laying White Roman geese with clutches of two eggs ormore,ovulated in 15 minutes to 10 hours after oviposition. If progesterone was injectedintravenously into the laying White Roman geese 12 hours prior to the expected ovipo-sition time,most geese generally ovulated in 20～25 minutes after oviposition.