半水物湿法磷酸开发过程中的几个关键性的技术进展

Some Crucial Technical Advances in Development of Hemihydrate Process for Production of Wet Process Phosphoric Acid

根据云南磷矿反应活性好，而抗阻缓性差的特点开发了双槽工艺，在萃取磷酸过程中充分发挥了云南磷矿的特性；根据结晶理论，利用返料中的晶种抑制了晶体的成核速率，为获得较好的晶核成长创造了条件；消泡剂、结晶改良剂、阻垢剂三剂的应用研究，又为改善操作、长周期稳定运行创造了条件，从而促进了结晶的聚合，获得了易于过滤的聚晶；水力学模型的研究，开发了带导流筒的搅拌装置，为高效搅拌的工程原型设计及实际生产运行提供了科学依据。这些技术的进展使半水物湿法磷酸的技术开发进入了实用阶段，实现了工业化。

In line with the characteristics of high reactivity and poor resistance to blinding of Yunnan phosphate rock the double reactor process is developed,bringing into full play these characteristic of Yunnan rock in the preparation of phosphoric acid.Based on the crystallization theory,crystal seeds in the recycle are used to inhibit the nucleation rate of the crystals,creating conditions for good crystal nucleus growth.Study on the use of defoaming agents,crystal modifiers and antisludging agents again creats conditions for improvement on operation and long stable run cycle,thus promoting the aggregation of crystals and giving easy to filter crystal aggregates.Study on the hydrodynamic model results in the development of a stirring device with a draft tube,providing a scientific basis for the engineering prototype design of a high efficiency agitator and actual production run.The progress of these technologies leads to the practical stage in technical development of the hemihydrate process for phosphoric acid production and its commercialization is realized.