南亚热带森林种子萌发和幼苗形态观察

SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING MORPHOLOGY OF PLANTS IN LOWER SUBTROPICAL FOREST

南亚热带常绿阔叶林树种阿丁枫（Ａｌｔｉｎｇｉａｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｃｈａｍｐ．）Ｏｌｉｖ．）、黄果厚壳桂（ＣｒｙｐｔｏｃａｒｙａｃｏｎｃｉｎｎａＨａｎｃｅ）、黄杞（ＥｎｇｅｌｈａｒｄｔｉａｒｏｘｂｕｒｙｈｉａｎａＷａｌｌ．）、朱砂根（ＡｒｄｉｓｉａｃｒｅｎａｔａＳｉｍｓ）、华南省藤（ＣａｌａｍｕｓｒｈａｂｄｏｃｌａｄｕｓＢｕｒｒｅｔ）、猴耳环（ＰｉｔｈｅｃｅｌｌｏｂｉｕｍｃｌｙｐｅａｒｉａＢｅｎｔｈ．）、石栋（Ｌｉｔｈｏｃａｒｐｕｓｇｌａｂｅｒ（Ｔｈｕｎｂ．）Ｎａｋａｉ）和阳性树种大叶合欢（Ａｌｂｉｚｚｉａｌｅｂｂｅｃｋ（Ｌ．）Ｂｅｎｔｈ．）的种子均能萌发．萌发最快是大叶合欢和猴耳环，处理３～４ｄ即开始萌发，５～１３ｄ即萌发完毕；其次是阿丁枫、黄杞、黄果厚壳桂和朱砂根，最慢是华南省藤和石栎，处理３０～４２ｄ才开始萌发．所有种在光、暗条件下均能萌发．种子萌发过程中吸水显示３个阶段，但不同种有所差别．幼苗的形态可能与耐阴性有关．在暗中，黄果厚壳桂、朱砂根和华南省藤幼苗不徒长，黄果厚壳桂幼苗能形成正常的叶，华南省藤也能形成叶子，但不能张开，朱砂根则不能形成叶子．而其他种均不能形成正常的幼苗，植株徒长、黄化．光条件?

Seed germination and seedling morphology of Altingia chinensis (Champ.)Oliv., Cryptocarya concinna Hance, Engelhardtia roxburghiana Wall., Ardisia crenata Sims, Calamus rhabdocladus Burret, Albizzia lebbeck(L.) Benth., Lithocarpus glaber(Thunb.) Nabai and Pithecellobium clypearia Benth were studied. All species showed germination. Germination of Albizzia lebbeck(L.) Benth. and Pithecellobium clypearia Benth. began 3～4 days and ceased 5～13 days after the initiation of the experiment,followed by Altingia chinensis(Champ.) Oliv., Engelhardtia roxburghiana Wall.,Cryptocarya concinna Hance and Ardisia crenata Sims. Seed germination of Calamus rhabdocladus Burret and Lithocarpus glaber(Thunb.) Nabai were slowest(30～42 days after the initiation of the experiment). All the species gendnated in both light and dark. Water absorption of seeds presented three phases which varied among the species.Morphology of the seedlings might be related to shade tolerance of the species. Seedling of Cryptocarya concinna Hance grew normally in dark. Seedlings of the other species presented abnormal morphology in dark. In light, biomass(mg) of 30-days-old seedlings were, Altingia chinensis(Champ.) Oliv. 8.0, Cryptocarya concinna Hance 63.4,Engelhardia roxburghiana Wall. 9.6, Ardisia erenata Sims 74.0, Calamus rhabdocaldus Burret 130.6, Pithecellobium clypearia Benth. 140.2, Lithocarpus glaber(Thunb.) Nabai 163.8, Albizzia lebbeck (L.) Benth. 49. 4. Biomass of Ardisia crenata Sims in dark was more than that in light. Fast-growing species, Albizzia lebbeck(L.) Benth.,Altingia chinensis(Champ.) Oliv., Engelhardtia roxburohiana Wall and Pithecellobium clypearia Benth., had higher ratio leaf biomass/total biomass(45%) and lower ratio root biomass/total biomass(9.8%) than slow-growing species, Ardisia crenata Sims and Calamus rhabdocladus Burret, had(8% or O and 81.5% or 42.8% respectively).