葱属合被组植物的引种栽培及染色体观察

STUDY ON THE INTRODUCTION AND CHROMOSOMES OFALLIUM SECT.CALOSCORDUM

对国产葱属合被组（ＡｌｌｉｕｍＳｅｃｔ．Ｃａｌｏｓｃｏｒｄｕｍ）的长梗韭（Ａ．ｎｅｒｉｎｉｆｌｏｒｕｍ）和合被韭（Ａ．ｔｕｂｉｆｌｏｒｕｍ）进行了引种栽培实验及染色体观察，结果表明：将原野生状态下生长的这２个种转为人工条件下栽培，长势良好，能正常开花结实；体细胞染色体数显示，长梗韭四个居群均为二倍体２ｎ＝２ｘ＝１６，合被韭的一个居群为二倍体２ｎ＝２ｘ＝１６，另一个居群为四倍体２ｎ＝４ｘ＝３２，所不同的是长梗韭染色体带有一对中间随体，而合被韭染色体则带有一对或二对末端随体。此外，首次发现合被韭存在有二次生长现象。

Six populations of wild species A.neriniflorum and A.tubiflorum were introducedinto our garden,now they grow very well and can bloom and seed. Except the one populationg of A.tubifiorum which is a tetraploid(2n=4x=32),theother populations of A.tubiflorum and A.neriniflorum are diploid(2n=2x=16).Thedifference between these species is that A.tubiflorum has one or two pair of termialsatellites,but A.neriniflorum has one pair of intercalary satellites.Addition,we found that A.tubiflorum possesses the property of the two-growth in agrowth cycle in Allium for the first time.