杉木雄性不育株外部形态及输导组织和小孢子囊异常的细胞学研究

RESEARCH ON THE MORPHYLOGY,CYTOLOGY OF ABNORMAL CONDUCTING TISSUE AND MICROSPORANGIUM OF MALE-STERILE PLANTIN CUNNINGHAMIA LANCEOLATA

对杉木雄性不育株外部形态和细胞学研究结果表明：不育株叶色较绿；小孢子叶球簇苞片和小孢子叶异常张开，使其小孢子囊发育过程中的温湿条件不恒定；其小孢子叶球发育推迟；导致其小孢子发生和发育异常；小孢子囊外常有一包被结构和中层细胞增生以及小孢子叶球发育后期苞片和小孢子叶张开度小，使囊内细胞受挤压而引起囊内各种细胞生理代谢的异常和解体；曲枝和小枝输导组织、小孢子叶球轴维管束及小孢子叶球和小孢子叶的树脂道的不发达，以及小孢子叶球中各种细胞内淀粉粒的缺少或畸形、中层和绒毡层细胞内线粒体和内质网的异常等，都是引起雄性败育的原因之一。

Mophylogical and cytological studies on the male sterile plant in Cunninghamialanceolata(Lamb.)Hook.It was shown that the colour of leaves of the male sterileplant is much greener;the bract of a cluster of microstrobiluses and microsporophyllopen abnormally,which make the temperature and humidity condition isn't permantantduring the development of microsporangium;the microstrobilus development postpone tocause the abnormality of the genesis and development of microspore.It usually has awrapper structure,which outside of the microsporangium,the multiplication of the middle-layer cells and the bract and microsporophyll don't open enough during the later period of the microsporangium development,those extrude the cells in the microsporangium,they cause the abnormality of the physiological activities of every cells in themicrosporangium and to disintegrate;crooked branches and the conducting tissue,vascular bundle of microstrobilus axis and resin duct of microstrobilus and microsporophyllhave not well-developed;the cells in the microstrobilus have short of starch grains or abnormal;in the cells of middle layers and tapetum,abnormality of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticula. These are the main reasons for male abortion.