科学家展望21世纪竞技体育

Prospects for Competitive Sports In 21th Century By Scientists

“更快、更高、更强”的奥运精神,激励着运动员去攀登一个又一个体育高峰,也激励体育科研人员去攻克一个又一个难关:体操运动员漂亮地完成了空翻四周的高难动作、田径百米赛跑突破9秒大关、新的游泳方法催生了一个又一个世界纪录…… 田径 进入奥运百米决赛,是日本田径界多年未能圆的一个梦。2008年,奥运会男子百米决赛。日本运动员能否再次站在起跑线上?日本大阪体育大学的伊藤章教授断言:“有可能性。” 伊藤教授擅长生物力学。

YI TO. a Japanese professor, found, after analysing the movements of world elite athletes, that the primary prerequisite to increase running speed is the increase back swing speed of the legs. At that moment, the knee does not return to normal when it bends, but stays in a 'stiff' state. The ankle movement keeps basically consistent. Only when knees and ankles are utilized in a stiff way can running speed be increased ef-fectively and finish 100m with in 9 seconds.AO YAMA who broke the national record for 100m at 95' National Swimming Championships, dived 28m with dolphin kick after she jumped into the water. The time from jumping into the water to floaling at the suface was 14''32, and minus first 5 meters, the time for each one meter advance was only 0.539''. After jumping into the water, she could we'll contol the range of speed changes, and the height of her legs when kicking was not over that of her shoulders, thus enabling her ankles and calves to avoid direct blocking of water flow and to cause less resistance of the body in water. People in swimming field who used to persuid strength are now trying to find ways to avoid resistance in water, so as to cut down energy consumption and enhance efficiency.The former East German sports researchers analyzed with computer the high speed film of triple back-ward somersaut. They calculated the related physical parameter of the movnent of inertia, rotation velocity. The result shows that the angle of athlete's knee joint when they are doing the somersault is 83° ; if they tuck their knees to 30°, they can do quadri-somesault. Once the facilities are improved, athletes can possibly do highly difficult movements incredible today.