上海马桥地区6000年来环境演变的沉积学研究

Sedimentology Study to the Paleoenvironment Changes of Maqiao Area, Shanghai Since 6000 Years

根据对上海马桥遗址剖面样品的粒度、磁化率、氧化物的分析及与长江三角洲其他地区古文化遗址沉积学与考古学资料的对比,发现在良渚文化形成之前以及良渚文化末期和唐宋期之前均存在不含文化器物的自然层。其中良渚文化形成之前的自然层主要是由浅海相→潮间带→潮上带→滨海沼泽环境所致;良渚文化末期的自然层是由这一时期(3800～4000aBP)的陆地洪水所致,属于文化断层性质;唐宋期之前的自然层亦是由多次频发的洪涝灾害所形成的文化断层。

In this study, some methods of sedimentology and gecarchaeology were employed to explore the paleoenvironment changes of Maqiao areas represented by the Maqiao Culture Site since 6000 years. As a result, we found that there are 6 times of paleoclimate fluctuation, the warm period occured in 6150×120 aBP, 5000 aBP, 4410×110 aBP, Tang-Song Dynasty and nowadays, the cold period took place at 6000-5000 aBP, 5000 - 4000 aBP, 3500-1500 aBP and Ming-Qing Dynasty. Accompanying with them, since the formation of land (5000 aBP), the area has exprienced 3 times of flood disasters, which took place at 5000 - 4410 aBP, 4410-3500 aBP and 3500-1500 aBP respectively. Generally, the flood disasters always occure in the transition of dry-cold period and the humid-hot period. Caused by them, Liangzhu Culture and Maqiao Culture all disappeared at its last stage suddendly and there were 2 natural layers without any culture remains namely, culture faults formed.