先天性白血病

Congenital Leukemia

先天性白血病十分罕见。至今报道甚少。本文报告三例经骨髓及病理确诊的先天性白血病病例，通过对其临床表现、实验室检查特点等的分析，对先天性白血病的临床表现、实验室检查以及细胞遗传学特点、诊断标准和治疗进行了探讨。先天性白血病以急性非淋巴性白血病为多见，急性淋巴性白血病少见，本组2例为急粒（AML）、1例为急淋（ALL）。本病以起病急、进展快、病程凶险，皮肤结节，出血倾向明显，肝脾肿大明显为特征，对化疗反应差。预后极为不良。

Congenital leukemia is rare and seldom reported. Herein we report three cases of congenital leukemia diagnosed by bone barrow examination and autopsy. The clinical manifestations、the criteria of diagnosis,as well as the features of cellular heterogeneity,the criteria of diagnosis、treatment of congenital leukemia were discussed. Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) is the common type and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) is uncommon in congenital leukemia. In these cases, 2 were acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and 1 was ALL.Congenital leukemia is characterized by acute onset、deteriorative progression、cutaneous nodes、easy bleeding and hepatosplenomegaly.The newborn with the disease usually responds to chemotherapy poorly and has a very bad prognosis.