四季鹅母鹅生殖内分泌的研究

A Study on the Reproductive Endocrinic Activities in the Female si-ji Goose

本实验用放射免疫法测定了四季鹅母鹅在生长发育、产蛋和抱窝期生殖激素分泌变化的规律。结果发现，在生长发育期血浆促黄体素（ＬＨ）和１７β—雌二醇（１７β—Ｅ２）水平随日龄增长而呈上升趋势，至１８０日龄ＬＨ和１７５—Ｅ２均达到最高值，分别为１．１５６±０．１４７ｎｇ／ｍｌ和２３６．５６±３４．２９Ｐｇ／ｍｌ，开产后二者均有所下降。孕酮（Ｐ）在初生时较高达１．８６±０．４８ｎｇ／ｍｌ，之后逐步下降，至开产后Ｐ含量大幅度增加，提示：ＬＨ和１７β—Ｅ２能促进生殖器官的发育。母鹅卵巢小卵泡的Ｐ转变为１７β—Ｅ２的能力较强。在产蛋期，产蛋前ＬＨ在１３小时内，Ｐ在１２小时内（个别为２０小时）出现２次高峰。产蛋前Ｐ高峰为４—５小时，而ＬＨ峰则于产蛋前１—３小时出现。ＬＨ的峰可诱导成熟卵泡排卵，Ｐ则引起ＬＨ峰的出现。在抱窝期，促卵泡素（ＦＳＨ）、Ｐ、１７β—Ｅ２有相似的变化模式。初期较高，中期最低，至雏鹅出壳则三者水平有所回升。但促乳素（ＰＲＬ）则相反，初期急剧上升，至中期最高，接近雏鹅出壳时下降，出壳后仍维持一定水平，至休产期才降至低水平。ＰＲＬ对抱窝和母性行为上具有重要作用。

Peripheral serum concentrations of reproductive hormones were determined with radioimmunoassay in the female SI-JI goose.During sexual development of the female SI-JI goose,the concentration of 17β-E2 and LH increased gradually to 236.56±34.29pg/ml,1.156±0.147ng/ml resp.at 180 days of age.They then declined before the first oviposition. The concentration of P was highest at 2 days(1.86±0.48ng/ml) followed by a steep decline.Then it remained at this low levels before increasing progressively at 190 days.It was suggested that the LH may be one of the controlling factors affecting ovary steroid synthesis and ability of change from P to 17β-E2 may be more powerful.The concentrations of LH and P show peaks at 13h and 12h before viposition during a successive laying cycle.These findings demonstrated that progesterone might cause the release of LH and then indudced the ovulation of mature ovum.Plasma PRL levels rised slowly at the onset of broodlness,reached a peak (395.89±29.75μu/ml)at 5 days prior to hatch.After the gosling hatched,the concentration of PRL began to decrease. Plasma levels of FSH,P and 17β-E2 were lower at onset of broodiness,then fell dramatically.The lowest value were 56.60±41.0lμmIU/ml,1.859 ± 0.119ng/ml,35.06±2.50pg/ml resp.during broodiness.After the gosling hatched,they all began to rise,lt was suggested that PRL played a important role in inducing and maintaining the broodiness of SI-JI female goose.