森林生态效益的经济补偿

The Economic Compensation on Forest Ecological Effect

林业部提出的森林分类经营管理办法,将森林分为商品林、公益林两大类型,分别确定经营方案,以实现从粗放经营到集约经营的转移.公益林经营中资金投入是个关键问题,有关部门正在研究制定森林生态效益的经济补偿办法.该文从森林生态功能的基本特征、评估方法、补偿什么、补偿办法、补偿制度的建立及公益林体系建设等方面,根据几年考察结果,参照国外经验,提出自己的看法.

In accordance with the regulations of classified forest management and admin- istration made by the Ministry of Forestry,forests are separated into two types of commer- cial woods and benefit woods,in order to make management respectively,and to achieve the transformation from the extensive farming to the intensive farming.Because investment is critical in the management of benefit woods,methods of economic compensation for the for- est ecological effects is being made by related government departmemts.In this paper,based on the essential characteristics of forest ecological function,the author puts forward his opinions about methods of evaluation,what to be compensated for,the foundation of meth- ods and systems of compensation,and making benefit forest system,etc.,according to sev- eral years' study and reference to foreign experience.