陕西省玉米杂交种种质基础分析

An Analysis of the Germplasm Base of Maize Hybrid Cultivars

对1984年～1993年陕西省种植面积在0.67万hm^2以上的玉米杂交种种质基础进行了分析,结果表明:陕西省玉米杂交种的生产已基本达到单交种化;生产上使用的杂交种比较集中,省外系和国外系组成的杂交种面积较大;玉米杂交种亲本系利用更趋集中,种质基础狭窄;玉米自交系主要采用以窄基为主的选育方式;种质杂交模式主要是美国的瑞德黄马牙、兰卡斯特分别和中国的唐山四平头、旅大红骨的杂交形式。

The germplasm base of maize Lyerid cultivars covering about 6. 7 khm2 in Shaanxi Province from 1984 to 1993 was analysed. The results showed that nearly all of the hybrid cultivars in this province were of a single cross type. The planted cultivars concentrated on fewer combinations. The inbred lines from other provinces crossed with foreign inbred lines produced most of the hybrid cultivars. The parental inbred lines were more concentrated and their germplasm base was rather narrow. The inbred lines derived mainly from the narrow germplasm base. The models of the germplasm hybrid were mainly of Reid's Yellow Dent and Lancaster from U. S. crossed separately with Tangshan Sipingtou and Ludahonggu cultivars from China.