药用红花综合农艺数学模型的研究

STUDY ON SAFFLOWER DRY FLOWER YIELD SIMULATION MODEL AND ITS APPLICATION UNDER COMBINATION AGRONOMIC MEASURES FOR GOOD-QUALITY AND HIGH-YIELD

根据系统理论的思想和方法，采用控制论的“黑箱”原理，运用二次正交回归旋转组合设计，进行田间试验，以整体功能最佳为目标，建立药用红花的综合农艺措施数学模型，通过分析、模拟、优化并结合最优净产值农艺措施组合，筛选出高产优质高效综合农艺措施．根据系统理论的思想和方法，采用控制论的“黑箱”原理，运用二次正交回归旋转组合设计，进行田间试验，以整体功能最佳为目标，建立药用红花的综合农艺措施数学模型Ya在本试验中各项农艺措施对产量的影响大小为：氮肥＞播期、磷肥＞密度＞钾肥．播期与N，P，K之间存在互作效应，氮肥、磷肥和钾肥之间也有互作效应．通过对上述模型进行分析、模拟、优化并结合最优净产值农艺措施组合，筛选出高产优质高效综合农艺措施为：播期30／10—2／11，密度12500—13100株／亩，亩施肥量N：5.7—6.5Kg.P_2O_5：8.0—9.0Kg,K_2O5.0—6.1Kg．实施该优化组合方案，药用红花干花产量在18Kg／亩以上，净产值为340元／亩以上．在推广中，应根据各地的气候、土壤、肥料来源等具体条件，作适当调整，不断修正、反馈信息，使之不断完善，以达到整体最优的目标，充分发挥其增产潜力．

Regression method of orthogonal conic substitution with factors has applied in this study.The safflower dry flower yield simulation model was built up,5 main measures (sowing date,plant population,Urea,Ca_3 (PO_4)_2 and KCl) that affect the dry flower yield were analyzed by the mathematical model of five unknown second order orthogonal rotative regression. The results indicate that nitrogen (N) plays an important role on the raise of dry flower yield.Sowing date has a clear interaction with nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium;Nitrogen has a clear interaction with phosphorus and potassium,sufficient P and K are necessary to increase the yield,and at the same time can made full of use of N.The results of simulation experiment show that the optimal combination of farming practices greatly increase the dry flower yield and benefit.Optimal combination of agronomic measures may be adjusted according to climate,soil,fertilizer or manure sources and so on.