四种叶形吸虫的染色体组型分析

KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS ON FOUR SPECIES OF PHYLLODISTOMUM

应用一种自创小型复殖吸虫染色体制备法，对四种常见寄生鱼类的叶形吸虫（中华叶形吸虫、鳗鲡叶形吸虫、鲶叶形吸虫和巴氏叶形吸虫）的染色体组型分析表明，它们的有丝分裂中期染色体二倍体数目均为２ｎ＝１８，且核型十分接近，即由四对较长的具近端着丝点染色体，四对较短的具近中部着丝点染色体及一对具中部着丝点的短染色体组成。但是，它们在染色体相对长度方面存在一定的差异。聚类分析显示，中华叶形吸虫和鳗鲡叶形吸虫，鲶叶形吸虫和巴氏叶形吸虫分别组成一近缘类群。根据发状科各属虫种的染色体组型资料，探讨了该科吸虫的核型进化问题。

The karyotypes of the four common species of Phyllodistomum from chinese fishes have been analysed. Their karyotypes are similar,the diploid number of chromosome is 18. The idiogram obtained consists of four pairs of largde-sised chromosome (St). four pairs of medium-sized chromosome (Sm) and one pair of small-sized chromosome (M). There are significant differences between the four species in the relative length of some chromosome pairs.The clustering analysis based on the karyological data shows that P. sinense and P. anguilae constitute a related group,however, P. parasiluri and P. pawlovskii constitute another related group.The karyotype evolution of the family Gorgoderidae is discussed.