新疆10种沙生植物旱生结构的解剖学研究

AN ANATOMICAL STUDY ON XEROMORPHIC STRUCTURES OF THE PSAMMOPHYTES IN XINJIANG

新疆１０种沙生植物的形态解剖研究表明，它们为适应沙生环境形态结构发生变化。叶器官的形态呈三种类型：叶片退化成膜质或鳞片状，而由同化枝执行光合功能；叶片上下都具栅栏组织，表皮角质膜厚，表皮毛发达，气孔下陷，输导组织和机械组织都发达；叶片肉质化，叶肉组织不分化，贮水组织发达而输导组织不发达。轴器官中厚壁组织发达，围绕维管组织，维管组织内部也有发达的厚壁组织。根中普遍具有周皮，一些植物存在异常的维管组织，部分植物还具有粘液细胞或结晶。沙生植物形成各种旱生结构，以不同的方式适应沙生环境。

Observation tO the morphologic character and anatomical structure of ten psammophytes inXinjiang revealed that in order to adapt desert environment,these plants formed various types ofstructures.The leaves have three types of shapes:the lamina is reduced to scale-formed,and as-similating branches take place of its function to cany out photosynthesis;Both sides of the laminathere are palisade tissue,at same time,lamina have thicker cuticle,hollow stomas,well-developedepidermal hairs,conducting tissue and mechanical tissue;the leaves,whose mesophyllous tissue didnot differentiate,are succulent and have well-developed aqueous tissue and undeveloped conductingtissue,Well-developed sclerenchyma surrounds vascular tissue and occurs withen vascular tissue inaxes.Periderms are generally present in rcots.Some of these plants have anomalous vascular tis-sue,or have mucilage cells or crystal cells,Psammophytes fOrmed various type of xeromorphicstructures,so as to adapt desert environment in different wavs.