原油的土壤污染对小麦、荞麦生长的影响

THE EFFECT OF CRUDE OIL PLLLUTION OF SOIL ON GROWTH OF SPRING WHEAT AND BUCKWHEAT

本文研究了被原油污染的土壤上春小麦、荞麦萌发和生长所受的影响。原油浓度从０－３０％不等。随着污染程度的提高，作物的萌发率和产量大大降低，生长受到严重抑制。荞麦对原油污染的敏感性高于小麦。原油的植物毒性经一段时间降解后会降低。生长分析表明含油１％土壤中荞麦后期ＲＧＲ和ＮＡＲ高于对照，表现出一个推迟的生长高峰。植物生长受抑是由于油对空气的排斥，植物—土壤—水相互关系的干扰以及土壤中硝态氮等减少造成的营养缺乏。

The effect of crude oil pollution of soil on the germination,growth and yield of spring wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)and buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum Moench,)was investigated.TheIevels of the crude oil application varied from 0 to 30%by weight of the soil.The higher thecrude oil concentration became,the more rapidly the germination,growth and yield of crops de-clined.Buckwheat was more sensitive to the crude oil pollution than spring wheat.The phytotoxi-city of crude oil would declined after a period of time of degradation.At 1%crude oil pollutionlevel,the growth analysis factors RGR and NAR of buckwheat were higher than that of controlduring the later analysis stage and showed a delayed growth peak.The poor growht was attribut-ed to suffocation of the plants caused by exclusion of air by the oil,interference with plant-soil-water relationships and nutrient deficiency by the decrease of NO_3-N.