明清时期新安药店及其医药学作用

Xin'an Dispensaries and Its Role in Medicine in the Ming-Qing Dynasties

新安药店始于宋，成于明，至清末一度达到鼎盛。较有代表的宋有“陆氏保和堂”，明有“徐保元堂”、“正田药店”、“胞与堂”等，清有“胡庆余堂”、“胡咸春”、“种德堂”等。这些药店明多为医家兼营，清多为徽商经营。新安药店作为集医疗、生产、经营一体的传统手工业，至今不少成为著名药厂，如“武汉健民制药厂”、“胡庆余堂”等。其在生产、经营、管理上积累了许多经验，同时在方剂学以及药物炮炙、贮藏、采集、加工、成方制作等方面皆有不少成就。

The Xin'an Dispensaries were set up in the Song Dynasty, completed in the Ming Dynasty and reached its peak of development at the end of the Qing Dynasty. The representative ones of the dispensaries include Lu's Baohetang of the Song Dynasty, Xu's Baoyuantang, Zhengtian Dispensary, and Baoyutang of the Ming Dynasty, Hu Xian Chun, Zhongdetang of the Qing Dynasty. All these dispensaries were mostly run by the physicians themselves in the Ming Dynasty, while they were run by Anhui businessmen in the Qing Dynasty. As a union embodying health care, production and trading of traditional handicraft, not a few of them had become famous pharmaceutical factories today, such as Hu Qing Yu Tang, Jianmin Pharmaecentical Factory of Wuhan. Rich experience on production and management were accumulated, alongside achievements on prescription, drug processing, storage, collection and ready -made drug manufacturing.