微波免疫组织化学技术在宫颈癌涂片快速诊断中的应用

APPLICATION OF MICROWAVE IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY TECHNIQUE IN THE RAPID DIAGNOSIS OF CERVICAL SMEARS

本文应用微波免疫组化ＡＢＣ技术检测了６７例宫颈涂片细胞中ＥＭＡ的分布。结果，Ｉ～Ｖ级宫颈涂片ＥＭＡ阳性率分别为３０％（３／１０）、５０％（５／１０）、７０％（７／１０）、９３．７％（１５／１６）和９５．２％（２０／２１）。Ⅰ、Ⅱ级与Ⅲ级，Ⅲ级与Ⅳ、Ⅴ级ＥＭＡ阳性率均有显著差异性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结果提示：ＥＭＡ可作为宫颈涂片细胞的分化标志，有助于良恶性细胞的鉴别。同时对形态学不够恶性而ＥＭＡ呈强阳性者，有潜在恶变的物质基础。在抗体稀释度相同时，微波免疫组化较常规免疫组化具有特异性染色深。背景浅，反应时间显著缩短等特点。

The distribution of the epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) of cervical smear cells in 67 patients has been examined with microwave immunohistochemical ABC technique. The result showed that EMA positive rates in cells from grade I to V were 30% (3/10),50% (5/10), 7096 (7/10), 93. 7% (15/16), alld 95. 2% (20/21) respectively. There were significant differences between grade m and grades Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ,Ⅴ (P<0.05). This indicated that EMA might be a differentiated antigen marker of cervical cells and could be used to distinguish benign from maligant cells. In the doubtful cases, though cells were not up to morphologically malignant standard the EMA was strongly positive, suggesting there was a latent risk of malignancy. In the same dilution of the antibodies, the microwave immunohistochemcal method showed some advantages over the routine techiques, such as deeper special staining, lighter background and shorter reactive time.