妊高征与胎儿宫内生长迟缓胎盘计量测定

Histomorphometric Assay of Placental Tissue in Patients with pregnancy Induced Hypertension and Intrauterine Growth Retardation

文章收集足月妊娠胎盘３５例，其中妊高征（ＰＩＨ），胎儿宫内生长迟缓（ＩＵＧＲ）及正常对照组各１０例，ＰＩＨ伴ＩＵＧＲ（Ｐ－ＩＵＧＲ）组５例。各组胎盘采取自动化图象分析仪和目镜网格计数，发现ＩＵＧＲ、Ｐ－ＩＵＧＲ、之绒毛及其血管表面积、绒毛间隙、绒毛和绒毛上皮容积与正常组相比均较小且有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＩＵＧＲ组之绒毛血管容积和绒毛呼吸表面积与正常对照组相比，有明显差异（Ｐ＜０．０１及Ｐ＜０．０２５）。提示胎盘功能有障碍，因而阻碍胎儿生长发育。表明ＩＵＧＲ及Ｐ－ＩＵＧＲ组间气体与物质交换面积减少。ＰＩＨ组之胎盘大体检查，胎儿体重及胎盘组织计量与正常组无差异，这可能与形态学上所见朗罕氏细胞增生绒毛血管扩张产生自身代偿的结果有关。

A total of 35 term pregnancy placentas, including pregnancy-induced-hypertension(PIH,n=10), intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR,n=10) PIH-IUGR (n=5), and normal con trol (n=10) was examined. THe villi and their capillary surface area, intervillous space volume of ytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast showed significant differences in IUGR and PIH-IUGR groups vs control (P<0.01). The results demonstrated that placental mal function is relevant to the retardation of its maturation, leading to a decrease in the area of exchange between the maternal and fetal parts. Apparent discrepancies were revealed when capillary volume and respiratory surface of villi in IUGR group were oompared with those in the control(P<0.01,P<0.05). Gross examination of the placenta did not show any discrepancy in the PIH group vs the fetal weight/morphometry of the placenta and the control.