钩虫、蛔虫和鞭虫感染的流行因素调查

A SURVEY OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FACTORS IN HOOKWORM, ASCARIS AND TRICHURIS INFECTIONS

据１９８７—１９９０年全省人体寄生虫分布调查结果，比较各种不同地理环境和经济收入状况下人群的钩虫、蛔虫和鞭虫感染率。结果表明其流行程度与海拔、地貌和经济有关。人群钩虫感染率随海拔的增高和气温的下降而下降的趋势。１５００ｍ以下、１５００ｍ—２２００ｍ以上地区的人群平均钩虫感染率分别为３４．８％、８．３％和４．０％。而各不同海拔地区的流行程度又因地貌而异。在１５００ｍ以下，以盆地的４５．０％为高、１５００ｍ—和２２００ｍ以上地区分别以河谷的（１１．４％）和丘陵山地的（４．６％）为高。年均气温１８℃—２４℃、１１℃—１８℃和７℃—１１℃的人群钩虫感染率依次为３８．８％、１１．３％和１．７％。鞭虫以中暖和高寒地区较高（２９．４％和２８．３％），蛔虫则以高寒地区为高（６６．７％）。此外，土源性线虫的流行程度还与农作物，施肥种类和居民经济收入高低有关。

An analysis of influence of geographical and economic factors on prevalence of hookworm, Ascaris and Trichuris infections was made according to data collected during a province wide survey of human parasite distribution in 1987-1990. The infection rate of hookworm was revealed to differ with altitude, topography and temperature, being 34.8%, 8.3% and 4.0% for areas of altitude <1 500 m (A), 1 500 m-2 000 m (B) and >2 200 m (C), respectively; high rate was seen in basin (45.0%) for area A, river valley (11.4%) for area B, and hilly region (4.6%) for area C; whereas rates of 39.0%, 11.0% and 2.0% were noted for areas with temperature of 18℃-24℃, 11℃-18℃ and 7℃-11℃, respectively. On the other hand, the prevalence of the three mentioned soil transmitted nematodes was found to be associated with crop, fertilizer and income of residents.