亚马逊野生橡胶种质资源的抗寒性鉴定（I）

EVALUATION OF COLD TOLERANCE FOR AMAZON WILD HEVEA GERMPLASMS

在１９８６～１９９３年期间以人工气候箱（ＰＧＶ—３６）模拟辐射寒害方法，对５１６９份亚马逊野生橡胶种质资源进行抗寒性鉴定。从中筛选出５０份种质，其抗寒力比我国目前最抗寒的无性系９３—１１４还强。其中２４１号和１６８号种质兼具抗辐射和平流两类寒害类型的能力；能耐最低温－２℃、１５小时处理的种质１０份，具有多个优良性状的抗寒种质１４份。大田寒害调查的结果与模拟辐射寒害处理的基本一致。以上抗寒种质资源的发现，将大大丰富我国橡胶基因资源，并为抗寒育种和生物技术试验提供了很有价值的材料。

accessions of Amazon Hevea new germplasm were evaluated during 1986 1993 for cold tolerance by radiative low temoerature treatment in the hytotron(PGV 36).50 germplasms were screened out which were morecold tolerant than 93 114,the most cold-tolerant clone in China at prese- nt. Amog them No. 241 and No. 168 demonstrated tolerance to both advect-ive and radiative cold damages,and 10 survived a cold treatment at a mi-ninum temperature of 20℃ for 15h,and 14 possessed more advantageous tr-aits. It was proved that the simulated radiative cold damage gave a similar result to the cold damage in the field.The cold hardy germplasms evaluated would greatly enrich Hevea gene resources in our country and would provide valuable materials for breeding and selection and biotechnological studies of cold hardy Hevea clones.