东山岛潮下带大型底栖生物群落及其环境影响评价

Macrobenthic Communities and Evaluation ofTheir Environmental Environmental Effection in Subtidal Zone,Donngshan Islands

１９９０年和１９９１年在东山岛潮下带获得大型底栖生物３４９种，隶属于１４２科２４９属。出现率、生物量和密度占优势的是双鳃内卷齿蚕、大海蛹、圆简原盒螺、波纹巴非蛤、颗粒六足蟹、模糊新短眼蟹、刺瓜参、光滑倍棘蛇尾、洼颚倍棘蛇尾、孔虾虎鱼和厦门文昌鱼等。东山岛潮下带底栖生物年平均生物量２３．８４ｇ／ｍ￣２，年平均密度１９２个／ｍ￣２，平面分布不均匀，根据种类组成、数量分布、季节变化和丰度生物量比较结果得出，８２．５％的取样站次的底栖生物群落处于稳定状态；底质细菌总量波动范围为１．２～４．１×１０￣８个／ｇ，年平均值为２．１×１０￣８个／ｇ，在正常范围，底温、底盐对东山岛潮下带底栖生物数量水平分布的影响较小．局部受扰动的取样站次与水动力作用有关。

From May 1990 to February 1991,349 species of macrobenthos belonging to 249genera and 142 families were got in stibtidal zone, Dongshan Islands. Dominant species in appearingfrequency, biomass and density were Aglaophamus dibranchis, Ophelina grandis,Ecoylichna cylin-drella,Paphia undulata,Hexapus granulifens, Neoxenphthalmus obscurus,Pseudocnus echinatus, Am-phioplus laevis, Amphioplus depress ,Trypanchen vagina and Branchiostomw belcheri. Yearly averagebiomass and density of benthos in subtidal zone,Dongshan Islands were 23. 84 g/m￣2 and 192 ind/m￣2respectively. Horizontal distribution of benthos was not even. According to species composition ,quanti-tative distribution, seasonal patterns and abundance biomass comparision,82. 5 percent of samplingsite-time were suggessted in balancins state. Bacteria quantity insediment ranging from 1. 2～ 4. 1×10￣8 ind. /g was also in normal ranges.The effect of temperature and salinity on horizontal distributionof benthic quantity was small. Part water areas disturbed were related to water moving.