略论政府应急征用法律制度的完善

On Improvement of Legal System Concerning Emergency Requisition by Government

政府应急征用作为弥补政府储备不足的重要手段广泛应用于政府应急管理。我国虽然已经建立从法律至各级各类预案的层级完备的政府应急征用法律规范体系,但是由于现有规定中的条文抄袭现象比较严重和缺乏全国性专门立法等情况,仍然存在征用主体和被征用人权力(利)义务不清晰、征用和补偿程序缺失、征用补偿标准模糊等问题,直接影响政府应对突发事件的能力和效果,需要从制度上进一步明晰征用主体以及被征用人的权(力)利义务,建立征用和补偿程序,完善公平合理的补偿标准。

Being a major tool of making up for government reserves deficiency, emergency requisition by the government is widely used in government emergency management. Although in China there is already a complete legal norm system concerning that covering all levels, from the law to the preparedness, problems such as ill definition of the requisition subject and the right and obligation of the private party, procedural loss of requisition and compensation, the fuzzy criterion of requisition compensation, etc., still exist due to many reasons, for instance the severe phenomenon of provision plagiarism in current regulations and the lack of national special legislation, affecting directly the ability and effectiveness of government emergency handling. Therefore, further clarification of the requisition subject and the right and obligation of the private party should be added to the system, procedure of requisition and compensation should be set up, and the compensation criterion should be improved fairer and more reasonable.