鄱阳湖洲垸型疫区血吸虫病流行病学纵向观察

LONGITUDINAL OBSERVATION ON EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS AT A TYPICAL DAM-CIRCLE ENDEMIC IN POYANG LAKE REGION

用流行病学方法观察垸内无螺而垸外有螺的一个湖洲垸型疫区,发现居民距大堤越远,接触疫水频度越小,疫情越轻,说明人群行为对血吸虫病的流行起重要作用。兴修水利时的泥土夹带是垸外钉螺扩散到垸内的一条重要途径。扩散到垸内的钉螺少数可存活30个月,此类疫区的传染源主要为外来的人、畜。

Henghu field belonged to a 'dam-circle' endemic area of schistosomiasis japonica, there were snail-infested areas outside of the dam-circle but not inside. From 1987 to 1989, a longitudinal observation on schistosomiasis was conducted with epidemiological methods. The results showed that there was a significant association with the frequency of infested-water contact and the distance from the dam. It indicated that the behavious of population play an importment role in the epidemic. Carrying soil with snails from the out-embankment to the inside, was the main route of snail spread in irrigation scheme. If snails spread into the embanked area, a few snails could survive for 30 months. The main infective sources of schistosomiasis in the endemic areas were the immigrated human and domestic animal reservoirs of schistosomiasis.