青年急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死患者的临床特点及冠状动脉病变特点研究

Clinical Characteristics and Coronary Angiographic Features of Young Patients with Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarctions

目的分析青年急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死患者的临床特征和冠状动脉病变特点。方法将2005年1月—2010年12月我院收治的389例急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死患者按照年龄分为青年组(<45岁)和老年组(60～80岁),比较两组患者的基本临床特征、冠状动脉造影结果及预后。结果与老年患者比较,青年急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死患者中男性占绝大多数,危险因素中以吸烟和肥胖为著。冠状动脉造影检查发现单支病变多见,多累及左前降支。青年患者平均住院天数明显少于老年患者,住院期间主要心血管不良事件的发生率均明显低于老年患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论吸烟和肥胖是青年急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死患者最重要的危险因素。青年患者冠状动脉病变多为单支病变,住院期间主要心血管不良事件较老年患者少。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and coronary angiographic features of young patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction（STEMI）.Methods Totally 389 consecutive patients with STEMI were enrolled from Jan.2005 to Dec.2010.Baseline clinical characteristics,coronary angiographic data and outcomes in young patients（45 years） were compared with those in elder patients（60~80 years）.Results Young patients with STEMI were predominantly males.In comparison with the aged patients,smoking and obesity were significant risk factors in young patients.Single vessel lesions were common and affected the left anterior descending artery mostly among young patients.Young patients experienced shorter hospital stay and less major adverse cardiovascular events（MACE） during hospitalization（P0.05）.Conclusion Smoking and obesity are the most important risk factors in young patients with STEMI.Young patients are more likely to have single vessel lesions.Young patients tend to develop less MACE during hospital stay.