T型杂种小麦产量、蛋白质含量的生理特性研究

Study on Physiological Characteristics of Yield and Protein Content in Hybrid Winter Wheat with T.Timopheevi Cytoplasm

采用5(不育系)×3(恢复系)的 NCⅡ设计,对杂种小麦产量、产量构成因素以及蛋白质含量的生理特点进行了研究,结果表明:成熟期植株总氮同化量和生物产量与蛋白质产量和单株产量相关显著,而与蛋白质含量无显著相关,收获指数与产量呈正相关,与蛋白质含量呈显著负相关;氮收获指数与产量正相关而与蛋白质含量无关,穗粒数对穗粒重的作用明显大于千粒重。克穗粒数、穗草比对穗粒数的作用大于花前同化物量;其中粒重的大小主要由灌浆速度所决定,与灌浆持续期关系不大;粒重优势主要是由于 F_1籽粒灌浆速度的提高所造成。

Five T-Cytoplasmic A-line and three R-line and their 5×3=15 crosses were grown in 1989 ～1990 to study the physiological characteristics of yield and protein content.The result indicated:Total N accumulation and biological yield were highly correlated with protein yield and grain yield,but not sig- nificantly correlated with protein content HI and protein content were negatively associated at the pheno- typic level,There were possitive correlations between grain yield and NHI and weak correlations between protein content and NHI.The contribution of grain number per spike to grain weight per spike was much greater than that of kernel weight and the direct effect of vegetative organ dry weight after anthesis was much less than that of kernel number per dry weight of spike.and filling rate showed much influence on the increase of kernel weight than that of the duration of filling,the heterosis of F_1 grain weight was main- ly due to the increase of filling rate.