小麦核型—蓝标型雄性不育杂种优势利用研究

The Study on the Heterosis Utilization of Blue Marked Nucleus Male Sterility in Bread Wheat

利用染色体工程将蓝粒小麦附加系中携带有蓝色胚乳基因和育性恢复基因的4E 染色体,附加到小麦核雄性不育系上,选育出了稳定的雄性不育、保持系。经多年用多个品种对不育系测交,所有组合的杂种 F_1均恢复正常结实。初步选配出几个杂种组合,并进行了制种试验;研究了它的繁育制种体系,表明它比 XYZ 体系有较大的优越性,还对其在轮回选择中的应用进行了初步探讨。

A stable male sterile line and its maintainer of bread wheat were dereloped by adding the 4E chromosome,which Carried genes for blue endosperm and the ability of restoration of fertility,into a nuclear male sterile strain by chromosome engineering.The fertility of all F_1 plants could be restorated well,and the plants showed distinct heterosis by test cross to the sterile line.The method of reproducing male sterile line and producing hybrid seed was studied,the result showed that it was better than xyz.Preliminary study on the male sterile line in the utiliaztion of the breeding of recurrent selection was carried out.