啤酒花α-酸、β-酸及主要香精油成分的研究

α—caicds,β—acids and Major Essential Oil Componeots in Hop Cones

该项研究分析测定了23个啤酒花品种的α—酸、β—酸和香精油的组成特性。结果表明:不同品种其α—酸和β—酸的组成是不同的,香型品种含合葎草酮的比例较低,相反,苦型品种含合葎草酮的比例较高;同一品种种植在不同地区其α—酸和β—酸组成特性也不同,且各品种的表现不一致;与苦型啤酒花相比,香型啤酒花品种在组成啤酒花香精油的三种主要成分中,葎草烯和石竹烯含量较高、而香叶烯的含量较低;同一品种种植在不同地区其香精油组成也有所不同。α—酸和香精油的组成特性是评价啤酒花酿造特性的重要指标,香型啤酒花的α—酸中葎草酮含量常在60%以上,合葎草酮含量常在25%以下,香精油中葎草烯与石烯竹含量之和大于香叶烯。

23 differeut varieties of hops were determined for their coustitueuts of α-acids,β-acids and major essential oils in this study.The result suggested that the constituents of α-acids,β-acids of various carieties were different.The percentage of cohumulone of aromatic hops was less than that of bitter hops and the percentage of humulone was more than that of latter.The constituents of α-acids,β-acids of hops were affected by the area where hops planted.The major components of'essential oil in hops cones were myrcene, caryophyllene and humulene.The percentage of humulene or caryophyllene of aromatic hops was more than that of bitter hops,and the percentage of myrcene was lessthan that of bitter hops.The constituents of essential oils were affected b ythe area where hops plauted.The component characteristic of α-acids and essential oil of hops were important index for evaluate brew quality of hops. In aromataic dry hop coues,the percentage of humulone was more than 60% of total α-acids,and the cohumulone count for less than 25% of total,and the sum of percentage of humulone and caryophyllene was more than myrcene.