摘要
Let E be non-negative integer set Z+ or integer set Z. Q=(q<sub> </sub>: i, j∈E) is called a birth-and-death matrix if Q satisfies the following (ⅰ)—(ⅲ): (ⅰ) q<sub> </sub>=0, |i-j|】1, 0【q<sub> </sub>【+∞, |i-j|=1, (1) (ⅱ) sum from j≠i q<sub> </sub>≤q<sub>i</sub>≡-q<sub>ü</sub>≤+∞, (2) (ⅲ) if E=Z<sub>+</sub>, q<sub>i</sub>【+∞ and i≠0 or E=Z and q<sub>i</sub>【+∞ then q<sub>ü-1</sub>+q<sub>ü+1</sub> =q<sub>i</sub> (3) Let Q be a birth-and-death matrix. We call Q a birth-and-death matrix with
基金
the National Natural Science Foundation of China.