节育措施在控制人口过程中的作用

Effect of Contraceptive on Population contral.

节育措施在控制人口过程中起到了非常重要的作用。本文采用Bongaarts避孕率模型(包括绝育)分析了1988年中国生育节育抽样调查数据。结果表明,由于妇女使用了节育措施,生育率比自然生育率估计值下降4.78;避免出生人口为3906.7万人,其中绝育避免出生人口为1850.5万人,宫内节育器为1760.5万人,口服避孕药为158.0万人,避孕套为86.4万人,其它方法为52.0万人。避免出生人口数值最多的是25～34岁妇女。结果提示,中国现阶段仍以绝育和宫内节育器为主要节育措施,生育调节应重点管理生育能力旺盛的中青年妇女。

Contraceptive methods have important effect on pupulation control. This paper studied the data of'Fertili-ty Sampling Survey in China, 1988'by Bongaarts prevalence model(included sterilization). The results indicated that observe fertility rate decreased 4.78 compare to estimated value of natural fertility rate dus to using contraceptives; the total birth averted were 39.07 million in 1988, including sterilization 18.50 IUDs 17.65 million, oral contraceptive 1.58 million, condom 0.86 million, other methods 0.52 million; the highest birth averted agegroup was 25-34. We can understand from the results that sterilization and IUD are still the main contraceptive methods for chinese women at present. We sould strengthen to manage those women who have vigorous fecundity in fe-rtility regulation.