景观生态学与沙漠化研究的理论探讨

A THEORITICAL RESEARCH ON LANDSCAPE-ECOLOGY AND DESERTIFICATION

本文就近十年来景观生态学的发展,结合自己的理论研究,阐述了其最基本的思想原理:(1)人类与自然的生物控制共生和非生物控制共生理论;(2)景观生态系统的稳定和演替理论;(3)景观生态系统的等级组织理论。并且运用这些理论探讨了沙漠化的机制,提出了防治沙漠化的基本理论。

Landscape ecology is a lapping scientific branch of geography and ecology, it concentrates the cream of geography and ecology and contains the search of space heterogeneity and the affection on natural cources. The theoritical foundation is based on the thought of general syste-mology, theory of dissipative structure, which possesses the meaning of methodology and the basic theory system is built up . (1) the intergrowth theory and biological control and non -biological control of nature; (2)theory of stability and evolution of landscape ecology; (3)level organised theory of landscape ecology system.To the weak landscape ecological system, when human activities affect the entropy fluid as well as entropy production to a certain degree in which the positive cause and effect feedback relationship becomes to main dominant situation that makes it in a separate state. If human ac- tivity should make cause and effect relationship in a vicious cycle, desertification would take place. Desertification often takes place from several parts of an area and has the character of LOGGEST curve (fig. 1). The harness of desertification should follow the rule of smaller periodic rhythm and make full use of the cause and effect relationship of landscape ecology. Human activity should be involved in order to built up a favorable positive cause and effect feedback relation cycle.