樟子松种源试验研究

STUDY ON THE PROVENANCE TEST OF PINUS SYLVESTRIS VAR. MONGOLICA

种源试验结果表明,樟子松的分布区内存在着丰富的遗传变异。分布在呼伦贝尔沙地的樟子松子代的生长、形态性状与纬度呈正相关变异,经度对其影响不大;而分布在大兴安岭北部的樟子松受经纬度双重影响,生长、形态、适应性状呈现东南—西北的变异趋势,靠近分布区东南部的种源子代,生长快、冠幅大、保存率高。影响这种变异的主要是温度和湿度。根据种源间的各类性状值,用PAC法将樟子松划分为3个种源区,即大兴安岭西北部种源区,大小兴安岭过度带黑龙江沿岸种源区和呼伦贝尔沙地种源区。章古台、卡伦山、金山被选为最佳种源。

The results show that there are a lot of genetic variations in the total distribution areas of P. sylvestris var. mongolica. All the characteristics of growth, morphology and adaptability in the provenance distributing in the desert of Hulunbeier have strong positive correlation with latitude but for longitude.P.sylvestris var.mongolica distributing in the mountains of north part of Gareat Xing'an mountains is affected by longitude and latitude. The growth, morphology and adaptative characters show the variation tendency from southeast part with fast growth, long width of canopy and high survival rate of the progenies to thenorthwest. The variation is affected mainly by temperature and humidity. Based on PCA to all characteristics, three provenance areas have been made: the provenance area in northeast part of Great Xing'an Mts., the transition provence area along Heilongjiang between the Great Xing'an Mrs. and Lesser Xing'an Mts. and the provenance area in the desert of Hulunbeier. Zhanggutai,Kalunshan and Jinshan are the best provenances.