黄淮海地区短季棉应用DPC诱导最佳部位成铃与优质栽培的研究

STUDIES ON INDUCIND THE OPTIMUM BOLL SETTING WITH DPC AND HIGH-QUALITY CULTURE OF SHORT-SEASON COTTON IN HUANG-HUAI-HAI REGION

1982～1983年,在田间条件下,以中棉10号品种为材料,进行了黄淮海地区麦棉两熟制短季棉应用 DPC 诱导最佳部位成铃与优质栽培的研究,主要结果如下:(1)根据开花时间、开花部位、铃期、铃重等多因子相关的综合评价,确定了单株较佳的"时""空"成铃结构,为定向诱导成铃提供了科学依据。(2)肯定了应用 DPC 化控措施对短季棉中棉10号早熟优质丰产的效果:可以促进提早开花结铃、增加前期成铃数;可以适当增加种植密度(每亩6000株提高到8000株),增加了群体最佳部位成铃的比重;皮棉单产可增加11%以上,并提高了霜前花百分率。(3)提出了在棉花优质栽培上应用 DPC 诱导最佳部位成铃的一般原理,以及适应于黄淮海棉区的化控技术指标参数和技术要点。

Inducing the optimum boll setting with DPC and high-quality culture of short-season cotton in the region of Huang-Huai-Hai with double-cropping system was studied with CV.Zhong Mian 10 under field conditions during 1982-1983. The main results are summarized as follows. 1.According to the general evaluation of flowering time,flowering position, boll stage,boll weight,etc,the optimum time and space of boll setting of one cotton plant were determined.This result offered the scientific basis for inducing boll setting toward some definite directions. 2.The effects of promoting maturity,increasing the fibre quality and yield of DPC application on short-season cotton were determined:DPC could promote flowering and boll setting early,increase the number of boll at early state.The density of cotton plants could be increased(from 6000 plants per mu to 8000 plants per mu).The percentage of good bolls was increased.Fibre yield could increase by 11% and the percentage of fibre harvested before frosting was also increased. 3.The general principle of inducing the optimum boll setting with DPC,and some technological index and outline for application of DPC in cotton region of Huang-Huai-Hai were put forward in this thesis.