多效唑对水稻生育后期某些生理特性及籽粒产量和营养品质的影响

EFFECTS OF PACLOBUTRAZOL ON PHYSIOLOGY OF LATE STAGE,GRAIN YIELD AND NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF RICE

1987～1988年分别在大田和盆栽条件下,在水稻抽穗前22天,用生长延缓剂多效唑(MET)处理,结果表明:每亩17g 多效唑,降低了剑叶叶绿素含量,提高了顶二叶、顶三叶的叶绿素含量和光合强度;叶片可溶性蛋白质含量降低,但延缓可溶性蛋白下降速度;抽穗后6天,剑叶 GPT 活性增高,GOT 活性降低;抽穗后8天,和13天,处理的籽粒 GPT 活性增加。此外,还加强了籽粒发育后期的灌浆速率,提高了结实率和千粒重,籽粒产量增加12.8%,同时还提高了籽粒蛋白质、氨基酸和 VB_1的含量。本文就多效唑对水稻籽粒品质和产量效应进行了综合评价,并讨论了开发多效唑潜力的途径。

The experiments were carried out under the field and the pot condi- tions in 1987 and 1988 respectively.Paclobutrazol,a growth retardant,was soil-applied at the rate of 17g(a、i、)per mu to rice plants(CV.Jing Xiang 1)at the 22th day before heading.The results are as follows: Paelobutrazol decreases the chlorophyll contents of rice flag leaves,but incre- ases the chlorophyll coutents and the intensity of photosynthesis of the second and third leaves from the top in paelobutrazol-treated plants.Paclobutrazol decreases the soluble protein contents and reduces the rate of soluble protein degration in lea- ves.At the 6th day after heading the activity of glutamate pyruvate transminase(GPT) is increased,but the activity of glutamate oxaloacetate transminase(GOT)is redu- ced in flag leaves.At 8th day and 13th day after heading the activity of GPT in tre- ated grains is higher.In addition,paelobutrazol enhances the rate of filling in late filling period and increases the rate of bearing and 1000 grain weight.The yield of rice grain is increased by 12.8%.The contents of protein amino acids and vitamine B1 of rice grain are also increased. In this paper the effects of paclobutrazol on rice grain yield and quality are reviewed and the ways to develop paclobutrazol on rice production are discussed.