大鼠舌内ACh、NE、CGRP、VIP和NPY的分布、来源及性质的研究

THE DISTRIBUTION,ORIGIN AND PROPERTIES OF ACH,NE,CGRP.VIP AND NPY IN TONGUE OF RATS

本文用组织化学和免疫细胞化学法(ICC)对大鼠舌的胆碱能(ACh)神经、肾上腺素能(NE)神经、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)和神经肽Y(NPY)免疫反应性(IR)神经的分布、来源和性质进行了观察.结果表明:ACh神经元、VIP和NPY-IR神经元胞体分布于舌粘膜的上皮下层和肌层。它们发出的神经纤维主要支配到血管、腺体和肌组织。NE神经主要分布在血管和神经节细胞周围.舌的各层均有CGRP-IR神经分布,在粘膜层以轮廓乳头和菌状乳头密度最高,丝状乳头较低:血管和腺体周围也较丰富;在舌根部肌层的CGRP-IR神经末梢形成似运动终板样的结构.用辣椒素处理后,仅舌尖、舌体粘膜层CGRP-IR神经明显减少,其它神经变化不大。未见NE和CGRP-IR神经元胞体.上述分布特征说明,ACh、VIP和NPY-IR神经可能主要与血流调节和腺体分泌有关;而CGRP-IR神经除上述作用外,还可能与舌的感觉和运动调节有关.

By using histochemical and immunocytochemical techiques, the distribu- tion, origin, and properties of ACh, NE, CGRP, and NPY in tongue of rats were studied. The results revealed that the cholinergic (ACh) nerves, VIP and NPY im- munoreactive (IR) positive neurons mainly located in the subepithelial layer of the mucosa and the muscle layer. The nerves formed perivascular plexus of the blood vessels, surrounding the glands, and distributed in the muscle layer. The adrenergic nerves surrounded the blood vessels and gaglion cells forming a basket-like structure. CGRP-IR nerves were observed in all layers of tongue. The circumvallate and fungiform papillaes were densely innervated by the CGRP-IR nerves, whereas the filiform papillaes contained only a few nerves. Abundant CGRP-IR nerves surrounded the glands, the blood vessels, and formed motor end plate structure at the region of contacting the striated muscle of to- ngue. After treatment with capsaicin, a marked reduction in the CGRP-IR ner- ves were found in the mucosa of the tip and body of the tongue, but no ob- vious changes were seen in the other parts of the CGRP-IR nerves as well as the other type of the nerves. No NE and CGRP-IR neurons were observed. The characteristics of distribution suggested that the ACh,VIP and NPY nerves might be related to the regulation of regional blood flow and the secretion of the glands while the CGRP-IR nerves, besides the above effects, might be related to the regulation of motion and sensation.