正交设计在职业病学中的应用

APPLICATION Of ORTHOGONAL EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN IN THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

正交设计具有同时分析多种因素、实验次数少、分析效率高的优点。作者在寻找职业性皮炎病因时,引入正交设计原理较好地解决了斑贴实验每位工人斑贴数多、难以接受的缺点,不但可分析出哪种物质致敏,而且尚可分析不同物质之间有无交互作用。在某工厂职业性皮炎的调查中,根据资料及工人反应挑出五种可疑致敏物,经动物预试找出安全浓度,分暴露与不暴露两个水平。按L8(2~7)正交表安排试验,将五种毒物按正交表配成8种不同试液。根据斑贴人数多少确定每位工人的斑贴数(1～4贴)。24小时后观察结果。经简单直观分析就可得出结论。实验结果经附加验证贴对照和动物实验及文献资料得到了证实。说明这确是一个简便、可靠、分析效率高的方法。

The orthoional experimental design is an analytical method of multi--factor and multi--level. We introduce it into the aetiology of occupational dermatitis. In skin patch test, the method can reduce the patches sticked on individuals. In our study, we selected 5 suspecious allergens according to available materials and workers complaints, got the safe concentration from pre--test on animal, and treated them with 2 levels, non--and exposure. According to the J. 8(2) orthogonal table, we prepared. 8 different mistures with the five suspeions allergens and gave them to volunteers, then observed the effects after 24 hrs and drew a conclusion from a simple calculation. The result was proved consistent with additional single--substance--patch test, animal experriments and references. We suggest that the orthogonal exper mental design may be a simple. reliable and high efficiency method in search for the causes of oceupational dermatitis.