寄生适合度测定方法的初步研究

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE METHOD OF ESTIMATION OF PARASITIC FITNESS IN THE CULTIVAR-RACE COMBINATIONS OF WHEAT STRIPE RUST

为适应品种一小种间群体上相互关系和新小种流行预测等问题定量研究的需要,提出了植物病原物寄生适合度(F)两种操作定义和相应两种测定方法。方法Ⅰ可称为相对1代病情法,方法Ⅱ可称为相对表观侵染速率法,前者适用于按病菌每代繁殖倍数进行运算的模型,后者适用于按逻辑斯蒂模型进行运算的模型,两法所得 F 值可以相互换算。初步设计了符合操作定义的田间试验方法,用相应试验所得数据可算出 F 值。根据作者用第一手实测数据估算两种 F 值的经验,认为两种 F 值在测定和应用上互有优劣,可因地制宜采用,但均需作好数据资料测定的试验设计,使之符合操作定义的要求,并精心执行、力求缩小试验误差,以使所得 F 值能有实用价值。

In order to support the quantitative study of cultivar- Tace interaction at population level and the study of prediction of new virulent race of wheat stripe fungus,two operation definitions for parasitic fitness were tentatively suggested,and two methods of esti- mation were developed respectively based upon the first hand data obtained from field experiments specially designed so as to fit for the operation definitions mentioned above.Method I may be called relative amount of disease(of one generation)after inoculation ) method,and method II may be called relative apparent infection rate method Trans- fromation of F-value estimated by one method into that of the other thod was deduced.Based on the preliminary experlmence of the authors,it is considered that both methods have both merits and de- merits of themselves,and can be used in accordance with different conditions,and that special attention must be paid to guarantee the experimental design fit for the estimation of F and the elaboration of the practical operation to lessen the experimental error in order to make the estimated F-values can be put into user more reliably.