人类活动引起的气候变化对中国的环境影响

The Impact of the Climate Change Caused by Human Activities on the Environment in China

人类生产活动的不断加剧,使生态环境正在急剧恶化。虽然在工业化以前,大气的温室效应即已存在,但自工业化以来,发达国家在长期的经济发展过程中,无节制地消耗了人类拥有的许多自然资源,并排放了大量的污染物和温室气体,这是造成环境问题,尤其是全球环境问题的主要根源。同时,日益增长的人口压力,以及由于经济技术落后造成的能源和资源的浪费,对生态环境的影响也越来越显著。由于环境变化的影响,遭受损害最严重的是发展中国家。地处干旱。

China is situated in the ecologically fragile zone which is prone to the impact of strong environmental changes. It is expected that the agricultural productivity of China will decrease by 5％ because of the integrated effects of the climate change on the agriculture. The arid and semi—arid regions in the north are most sensitive to the climate change. The land in the north, northwest and northeast will most probably become dry. This article also describes the impact of the climate change on the distribution and growth of 6 species of timber trees, the coastal areas and the permanent tundra. Finally, it proposes energy management strategies which aim at the reduction of the emission of greenhouse gases. This paper is one of the findings of a task force set up to study and evaluate the implications of the climate change in China. This task force, named the Second Task Force of the National Coordination Committee on the Climate Change, consists of the National Environmental Protection Agency Which is a leading organization for coordination, Ministry of Energy, Ministry of Chemical Industry, Ministry of Water Conservancy, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Forestry, State Meteorological Administration, National Bureau of Oceanography and Chinese Academy of Sciences.