寰椎变异的观测 Ⅰ.中国人寰椎后桥和侧桥的观测

MEASUREMENT OF AND OBSERVATION ON THE POSTERIOR AND LATERAL BONY BRIDGES OF THE CHINESE ATLAS VERTEBRAE

本文对300个寰椎的后桥和侧桥的存在情况作了观察。其中129个寰椎(43.0％)有后部分桥,22个寰椎(7.3％)有后完整桥;34个寰椎有侧部分桥(11.3％),16个寰椎(5.3％)有侧完整桥。经统计学检验,在左右侧后完整桥及左右侧侧完整桥间均无显著性差异。对寰椎横突孔、后弧孔及侧弧孔内径的测量显示,绝大部分后弧孔(92.0％)较同侧横突孔小,且右横突孔与右后弧孔间存在高度显著性差异(P<0.01)。此外,还测量了两种完整骨桥的宽度,探讨了狭小后弧孔对正常椎动脉机能的可能影响,分析了文献中关于寰椎桥的起源。

Three hundred atlas vertebrae of the Chinese were observed for the presence of posterior and lateral bony bridges in the study. Of 300 atlas vertebrae 129(43.0%)present with partial posterior bridge formation and 22(7.3%)with a complete bridge; 34(11.3%)with lateral partial bridge and 16(5.3%)with lateral complete bridge. There was no significant difforence between the presentation rates of left and right posterior and lateral complete bridges. Measurement of the internal diameters of posterior and lateral arcuate foramen as well as transverse foramina of atlas vertebrae showed that the majority of the posterior arcuate foramen(92.0%)were smaller than the transverse forarmina of the same side, and there were highly significant differences between internal diameters of right transverse foramina and posterior arcuate foramen(t=6.43, P<0.01). Furthermore, the width, of posterior and lateral complete bony bridges were measured and the osteophytes of the atlas vertebrae and their ralations with the bony bridge were examined. FinallY, stenosed Posterior arcuate foramen was discussed with reference to its possible et sect on normal vertenral artery function and the origin of atlas bridge was reviewed.