蚕豆结实鼓粒期蛋白质及其组分的研究

A STUDY ON PROTEIN AND ITS COMPOSITION OF FABA BEAN DURING THE STAGE OF SEED SETTING

摘要蚕豆结实鼓粒期间及成熟后的籽粒中清蛋白、谷蛋白、球蛋白、醇溶蛋白的含量及其变化情况对蚕豆育种栽培与开发利用具有一定的意义。在蚕豆结实过程中清蛋白含量由高至低再升高,最低为20％左右,最终达68％;而谷蛋白含量先低再高又下降,虽曾达50％,但最后只有12.6％。球蛋白含量由低渐高有所起伏,收获期仅11％。不溶性蛋白呈下降趋势,成熟籽粒中约7％。醇溶蛋白始终含量均不足1％,成熟时减少至0.23％。比较大豆与蚕豆蛋白质组分的情况可见,两者清蛋白含量均占蛋白质总量的三分之二以上,醇溶蛋白含量最低,都在1％以下,而与清蛋白类似,其氨基酸组成平衡的谷蛋白与球蛋白,在蚕豆籽粒中相对含量都明显高于大豆。这对进一步开发蚕豆蛋白综合利用提供了有益的资料。

ABSTRACT The contens and dynamic states of protein in immature and mature faba bean seeds were significant for faba bean breeding and cultivation and utilization. During seed maturity of faba bean, alumine was from high to low, then it increased, the lowest was only about 12%. while final content reached 68% on the contrast, glulelin was from low to high, then it decreased. Although ever reached 50%, it was only 12.6% finally. Globulim was from low to high during which showed ups and downs, it reached 11% when harvesting. Undissolved proteins showed tendency of decrease, it was 7% in mature seeds. prolamin was always below 1%, it decreased to 0.23% when the seed mature. In comparison with soy bean, it was found that albumin content of both soy-bean and faba bean exceeded about 2/3 of total seed protein and the lowest content of prolamin was both lower than 1%, however, contents of glutelin and globulim in faba bean seed were obvious higher than in soy-bean seed. This is valuable forthe utilization of faba bean.