地震波调向法变换数字处理原理

Principle of controlled-directional transform in seismic data processing,

本文在简要介绍苏联地震勘探中使用的地震波调节方向接收法后,应用多维傅里叶变换重新描述了该方法的原理,导出了连续域中调向法变换的公式。文中第一次阐明了将时间慢度域调向记录转换为时空域普通地震记录的反变换算法。该方法与近代层析技术中的物体投影和图像重建相似。在地震资料数字处理中使用这项变换,可以简化某些处理过程,如波场延拓和道间插值;可以压制噪声,提高信噪比;可以提高空间分辨率,进行干涉带分解等。最后列举了垂直地震剖面上干涉波分解和分解后的单波运动学参数确定的例子。

Controlled-directional seismic wave receiving methed used in Soviet seismic exploration is described briefly.With the use of multidimensional Fourier transform, the principle of this method is demonstrated, and controlled-directional transform formula in continuous domain is derived.The inverse transform algorithm is explained which is used to convert controlled-directional seismic record in time-slowness domain into ordinary seismic record in time-space domain.This method resembles object projection and image reconstruction in modern tomography.The use of such transform in seismic data processing can simplify processing procedures such as wave field continuation and interpolation between traces, suppress noise to raise signal-noise ratio,decompose interfered waves to improve seismic resolution, and so on.The example is given of how we decompose interfered waves in VSP section and then determine single-wave kinematic parameters.