黄土高原集流槽的发育与控制

Development of Runoff Groove on Loess Plateau and Its Control

本文从细沟交汇与分叉和人为耕作作用两方面论叙了集流槽的发生发展机制,在搞清其发生发展规律的基础上,讨论了它在现代侵蚀沟和微地貌分类中的归属问题,指出它应作为细沟、浅沟、切沟系列以外一种特殊的侵蚀微地形。将发生在集流槽底部,宽度30～50cm,其深度与耕作层等深的小侵蚀沟称为浅沟。嗣后讨论了用细沟、浅沟分布的不均匀性拟定的集流槽发育系数d,来鉴别集流槽发育程度的方法,分析了集流槽与细沟侵蚀、浅沟侵蚀的关系。最后提出控制集流槽发展,防止浅沟、切沟侵蚀的两项措施。

This paper discusses the formation of runoff groove based on the mer- ger and divergence of rill and man activity. We think the runoff groove should not belong to the erosion gully system as rill, shallow gully and gully but a special eroded macro land form. The small eroded channel oc- curred on the bottom of runoff groove could divided into eroded gully systems, e.g.shallow gully. Then we discuss development stages evaluation of runoff groove by the distributions of rill erosion. At last two soil con- servation methods have been put forward.