对渭北旱原旱作农业新技术几个问题的探讨

Discussion on Several Problems of New Technique of Rainfed Agriculture on Weibei Rainfed Highland

渭北旱原旱作农业新技术在北方值得大力推广。本区传统的有机旱作农业技术体系不能解决农产品的供需矛盾。解决此矛盾的关键措施是培肥地力,提高单产。培肥地力的措施是生物养田措施不足化肥补,施用有机肥与施用化肥相结合。1981年以来渭北旱原大面积增产是氮磷肥混施的结果,而绝非单纯施磷肥的作用。增施肥料能有效地降低耗水系数,提高水分生产效益、旱农生产应重视“以丰(年)补歉(年)”的战略方针,贮粮备荒。

The new technique of rainfed agriculture applied to Weibei Rainfed Highland is worth extending in North China.The traditional technique of organic rainfed agriculture in this region can not solve the contradiction between supplies and demands for agro-produces. The key link in solving this contradiction is to better land fertility and to improve per unit area crop yield. The measure to better land fertility is to practise the bio-betterment of land supplimented with chemical fertilizer and the combined application of organic fertilizer with chemical fertilizer. Since 1981, the crop yield increase on a large area on Weibei Rainfed Highland in succession has been the results of mixture application of N and P fertilizers. It has been by no means the result of single application of P fertilizer. Increasing application of fertilizer can effectively reduce water consumption coeeficient and increase soil water productive efficiency. Thus, attention should be paid to the strategy of making up poor harvest in the years of rich harvest and storing grain against famine in rainfed agricultural production.