一起成人白喉爆发流行的调查报告

Report on the Survey of an Outbreak Epidemic of Adult Diphtheria

在11年无白喉病例的无锡市一个农村,爆发一起成人白喉。1988年10月15～21日,1户8口之家有5名成人发病,2人为带菌者,仅1名7岁儿童幸免。此后至12月28日止其周围又出现5例。采集41名居民的咽拭作带菌培养,3人为白喉杆菌阳性(均为毒力株)。应急接种前对周围村庄的329人作了锡克氏试验.发现2～15岁各组阳性率2.54%(5/197),而25～39岁组为25.76%(34/132)(x^2=40.78,P<0.001)。上述事实提示应当考虑成人的白喉类毒素的再接种问题。

An outbreak of diphtheria in adults occurred in a rural area of Wuxi citywhere the disease had been absent for 11 years.5 adult diphtheria cases and 2 carriers appeared in a household with 8 members fromOct.15 to 21 1988.After that 5 cases were reported in the epidemic village up to Dec.281988.Troat swabs of 41 villagers were taken and cultured for carrier examination and 3persons were found to beoositive in C.diphtheria (all toxigenic strains).329 people adjacentto the epidemic village were examined by Schick test before immediate immunization cam-paign and it was found that the positivity was 25.76% (34/132) in 25～39 year groupscompared to 2.54% (5/197) in 2～15 year groups (x^2=40.78,p<0.001).These facts suggested that revaccination for diphtheria toxoid in adults should be con-sidered.