龙眼鬼帚病的研究 Ⅱ.传病途径

STUDIES ON WITCHES' BROOM OF LONGAN II. TRANSMISSIVE APPROACHES

龙眼鬼帚病可经种子、接穗、昆虫和菟丝子传播,花粉可能带毒,但不能通过汁液摩擦传染。1985—1989年的多次虫传试验结果证明,荔枝蝽和龙眼角颊木虱均能传播鬼帚病,这一发现为揭示本病在果园内的传播蔓延和确立治虫防病的原则提供有力的证据。种子和接穗均有不同程度带毒,对生产危害很大,不仅可直接引起实生苗和嫁接苗发病,而且还会导致本病随带毒的种子、接穗和苗木的调运而向无病区或新区传开。应实行检疫、培育和种植无病苗以及防治介体昆虫媒等措施,以防止龙眼鬼帚病的扩展蔓延。

The transmissive approaches of witches'broom longan were studied. The diseade can transmit through seed, budwood, insect and dodder. pollen may carry the virus. But it can not transmit through a rubbing way like sap. The transmissive experiments with insect during 1985-1989 showed that tessaratoma papillosa Drury and Cornegenapsylla sinica Yang et Li could transmit the witches' broom, which could furnish us a convincing evidence of why the disease could spread in the orchard and which could help us to set up a principle to prevent the disease by control of the insects. Unclean seed and budwood, earring the virus more or less, would substantially damage production owing to the fact that not only can cause the seedling and grafts to be diseased, but also can transmit and spread the disease through unclean seed and budwood and plant when they are transported to disease-free area or a new orchard. In order to prevent the witches' broom of longan from spreading, it is recommended that the quarantine measure should be enforced; diseasefree plants should be propagated and cultivated and the insects concerned should be controlled.