摘要
本文讨论了物理化学中一些物理量的参考态.指出了指定电极的电极电势是以标准氢电极(SHE)为参考态;热力学函数中一般选择稳定纯单质为参考物质;d 轨道能级分裂中,是选择在配体场中以球形对称场简并 d 轨道的能级为参考态.说明通过选定参考态来确定物理量的相对值是物理化学研究的基本而有效的方法.
The authors discuss the reference states and standard states of certain physical quantities in physical chemistry and compare the two concepts.As an example,the authors expound how to choose the reference states of electrode potential,enthalpy,absolute entropy,internal energy.Gibbs free energy,Helmhottz free energy and spliting energy of d orbits of central ion in ligand field.
关键词
参考态
相对值
界面电势
reference state
relative value
interface potential.
