中国工业废水治理效率评价

Study on Efficiency of Industrial Wastewater Treatment in China

基于投入产出的思想,应用DEA模型对2008年中国工业废水治理效率进行静态评价,得出各地区当前工业废水治理效率。用Malmquist指数对中国2003—2008年工业废水治理效率进行动态评价,分别得出近几年中国工业废水治理的名义全要素生产率和实际全要素生产率。结果表明,中国工业废水平均治理效率仅为0.630,2008年达到DEA有效的地区仅占16.7%,几乎所有地区都处在规模收益递减;2003—2008年间的中国工业废水治理名义TFP为0.922,实际TFP为0.943,即分别在此期间平均每年下降7.8%和5.7%,造成逐年下降的主要原因是技术的落后。

Based on the input- output ideas, this paper applied the data envelopment analysis model（DEA） in the static evaluation of the efficiency of industrial wastewater treatment in China in 2008,and came to the results of the area efficiency of current industrial wastewater treatment. Then, the Malmquist index was used in the dynamie evaluation of Chinese industrial wastewater treatment efficiency from 2004 to 2008. Thus nominal total factor produetivity（TFP） and the actual total factor productivity of Chinese industrial wastewater treatment efficiency in the resent yeas were obtained. The results showed that the average efficiency of industrial wastewater treatment in China was only 0. 630 and there were only 16.7% DEA effective regions in 2008, almost all regions had been in the decreasing returns to scale. The TFP results showed that the nominal total factor productivity of Chinese industrial wastewater treatment efficiency from 2004 to 2008 was 0. 922 and the actual one was 0.943, respectively annual declined 7.8 % and 5.7 % during this period, and the main reason was the backwardness of technological progress.