内蒙古小叶杨近30年物候变化特征及其对气温变化的响应

Phenological Change of Populus simonii Carr. And It's Response to Air Temperature Variation in Last 30 Years in Inner Mongolia

根据近30a内蒙古自治区24个气象站小叶杨的物候观测资料,分析小叶杨春季萌动和秋季叶变色的物候特征,以更好地掌握农时变化,合理安排农牧业生产。结果表明,近30a来,小叶杨春季平均芽开放期有提前的趋势,全区平均提前速率为1.4d/10a,其中20世纪90年代出现提前的年次百分比最高,2000-2008年次之;秋季叶全变色期有推迟的趋势,全区平均推迟速率为3.0d/10a,其中2000-2008年出现推迟的年次百分比最高;小叶杨春季芽开放期与春季气温间存在显著的负相关关系(P<0.05),秋季叶全变色期与秋季气温间呈显著的正相关关系(P<0.05),即春季气温越高小叶杨芽开放越早,而秋季气温越高小叶杨叶全变色越迟。

Based on phonological and meteorological data from 24 phenology observation stations in Inner Mongolia in last 30 years,the phonological characters and trends of average spring sprout and autumn leaf-fading of Populus simonii Carr.were analyzed.The results showed that spring sprout of Populus simonii Carr.was advanced with the rate of 1.4 d/10y in last 30 years.The highest advanced phase of percentage ratio of annual was in 1990s,followed by 2000-2008.The date of Leaf-fading postponed with the rate of 3.0 d/10y.The highest postponed phase of percentage ratio of annual was in 2000-2008.The spring sprout of Populus simonii Carr.was significant negative correlation with the spring temperature（P0.05）,and the autumn leaf-fading was significance positive correlation with autumn temperature（P0.05）,which indicated that the sprout advanced more with the spring temperature increasing,the leaf-fading postponed more with autumn temperature increasing.