华南沿海贝类产品重金属元素含量特征及其安全性评价

The variation features of heavy metal contents in shellfish samples from the coast of South China Sea and the safety evaluation

2009年对华南沿海部分海域牡蛎、文蛤和江珧产品中重金属元素Cd、Cu、Pb、As、Hg和Zn的含量水平进行了分析,对牡蛎样品中这些重金属元素的海域分布特征以及季节差异进行了讨论。统计结果表明,不同海域、不同种类、不同养殖季节的贝类产品中重金属元素Cd、Cu、Pb、As、Hg和Zn的含量具有显著的差异。Cu、Zn在牡蛎样品中的含量远远高于其在文蛤、江珧等样品中的含量。采用粗略的点估计方法,计算重金属元素的膳食暴露量,对贝类产品的食用安全性进行风险评估。评估结果显示,对于成年人,正常食用牡蛎、文蛤等产品,重金属元素的膳食暴露量低于JECFA的推荐值,处于安全范围。而食用同量的江珧产品,Cd的摄入量超过JECFA的推荐值,存在危害健康的风险。

The contents of heavy metal Cd,Cu,Pb,As,Hg and Zn in shellfish were analyzed,and the space distributions and seasonal variation features of these heavy metals in oyster were discussed,according to the survey results of oysters,clams and pinnidaes from the coast of South China Sea in 2009.The statistics results showed that the contents of Cd,Cu,Pb,Hg,As and Zn in shellfish had obvious differences among various sampling areas,species and cultivation seasons.The Cu and Zn contents in oyster samples were much higher than those in clam and pinnidae samples.The diet exposure quantity of heavy metal in shellfish samples were calculated applying the crude point assessment method.The assessment results showed that,for a healthy adult,the exposure quantity of heavy metal by intake of oysters and clams was lower than the recommended values of JECFA.While the Cd exposure level by pinnidaes intake was higher than the recommended values of JECFA.